Welcome to LivingPianos.com. I’m Robert Estrin. I recently injured my thumb playing ping pong, of all things! Can you believe it? It’s one of those unexpected turns life throws at you. I practice piano every day, so naturally, I found myself wondering: what could I do with a sore thumb?

Discovering the World of Left-Hand Piano Music

It turns out there’s a remarkable wealth of music written for the left hand alone. I always knew about it, but I never explored it. Why? I never had any issues with my right hand before. But since I have no left hand music repertoire, last night, I sat down at the piano and began to improvise—just with my left hand. It was a new experience, and I found it surprisingly satisfying. I wanted to share that moment with you. Check out the video to hear it!

More Music Than You Might Expect

There may actually be more repertoire written for the piano left hand than some instruments have in their entire solo literature! We pianists are incredibly fortunate in that way. I don’t expect this injury to last long, so I probably won’t be tackling Ravel’s Piano Concerto for the Left Hand or other major works, although they are worthy compositions in their own right. But as worthwhile as those pieces are, for now I’ll stick to improvising and exploring new musical ideas with my left hand.

The Challenge of Resting the Thumb

Right now, it’s all about cold compresses and avoiding any strain. And let me tell you—avoiding your thumb is surprisingly difficult. Not just at the piano, but in everyday life. It’s involved in almost everything you do. So I’m being very careful and giving it the time it needs to heal. Hopefully, I’ll be back to playing with both hands soon!

Welcome to LivingPianos.com. I’m Robert Estrin. I recently received a great question from a viewer: How much does a pinblock cost? As simple as that might sound, there’s actually a lot more to it than you might expect!

What Is a Pinblock?

Let’s start at the beginning. Your piano has an enormous amount of string tension—tens of thousands of pounds! If you’ve ever tried to pluck a piano string, you know they feel rock-solid. That tension has to be held securely, and that’s where the pin block comes in.

You might assume the metal plate on your piano is what holds the tuning pins in place, but in fact, it’s the thick wooden structure underneath the cast iron plate that does the job. That piece of wood, made up of multiple laminated layers of hardwood, is what we call the pinblock.

Why It’s Not a Simple Repair

If your piano won’t hold a tuning anymore, it could be due to a cracked pin block or loose tuning pins. So, you might wonder—can’t you just replace the pin block? How much does that cost? Well, that’s where things get complicated. Pinblocks aren’t off-the-shelf items. They are custom-made for each individual piano. Replacing one means essentially entering into a piano rebuilding process. First, the piano must be disassembled. The strings and plate need to come off. Only then can the process of fitting a new pin block begin.

A Very Precise Fit

The pin block has to fit perfectly flush against the plate, and because the shape of the plate is irregular, this takes incredible precision. A rough shape is cut, and then chalk is applied to the area where the pin block meets the plate. The pin block is pressed against it, and the areas marked with chalk are carefully shaved down. This is repeated—again and again—until the pin block sits perfectly flat against the underside of the plate. Once the fit is exact, the tuning pin holes must be drilled with tolerances down to thousandths of an inch and at specific angles. This isn’t one-size-fits-all work. Every pin block replacement is its own unique challenge.

But You’re Not Done Yet. Once the new pin block is in place, the piano must be restrung—we’re talking about 220 to 240 strings. And when you do that, the damper felt often needs replacing as well. If the dampers don’t seat perfectly, you’ll end up with buzzing or other unwanted noises. That means the damper regulation has to be redone too.

Other Work That Often Comes With It

A thorough rebuild usually involves much more. Anywhere the strings touch metal, like the bridges, may need attention. Worn bridge caps and pins can cause grooves that interfere with string termination, and that can affect the tone. There’s also the capo d’astro bar in the treble range. That’s the part of the plate that bends down over the strings. Over time, it can develop grooves too, and should be smoothed out for best performance. Then you have the agraffes—the little brass guides with holes for the strings near the front of the piano. These also wear and can cause tone issues or buzzing. Smoothing or replacing them can be necessary as well.

Why Do All This?

Some rebuilders cut corners. But if you’re going to go to the effort of rebuilding a piano, why not make it as good as it can be? Done right, a rebuilt piano can sound as good or better than when it was first made, depending on the era and original craftsmanship.

So, back to the original question: how much does a pin block cost?

Just the pin block work alone might cost under $10,000. But since it requires a full rebuild, you’re realistically looking at $20,000 to $30,000 for the complete process. Some high-end rebuilds can even reach $50,000 or more, depending on the piano and the quality of the work. It’s a complex subject, and it’s easy to see how a simple question can open the door to a deep and fascinating look into piano construction. I hope you found this information enlightening!

Thanks for joining me here at LivingPianos.com, Your Online Piano Resource.

Welcome to LivingPianos.com I’m Robert Estrin. How Should You Be Practicing?
This is one of the most important questions for any pianist. There’s a lot to consider, but I’ll walk you through a simple and effective structure. I like to think of a good practice session like a well-balanced meal. Start with a warm-up as the appetizer, move on to memory work as the main course, and finish with something fun like review pieces for dessert.

A Balanced Practice Plan

To sum it up, a well-rounded practice session might look something like this:

1. Warm up gently
2. Work on memorizing new material
3. Refine what you’ve already learned
4. Do some pure technique work
5. Enjoy review pieces
6. Explore new music with sight reading

This mix keeps your mind engaged, your technique sharp, and your repertoire growing.

If you have your own routine that works well for you, feel free to share it in the comments at LivingPianos.com, Your Online Piano Resource. We’re all here to learn from each other!

Welcome to LivingPianos.com. I’m Robert Estrin. Today I want to introduce you to Spencer Myer. Spencer is on the piano faculty at Indiana University Bloomington, at the Jacobs School of Music—one of the largest and most respected music conservatories in the country. I earned my degree in piano performance there. I’ve known Spencer for many years. He studied with my sister, Coren Estrin-Mino, from the time he was a child until after high school, before continuing on to conservatory. He’s gone on to have an impressive career.

A Career of Distinction

Spencer has performed as a soloist with orchestras around the world, including the Cleveland Orchestra, Indianapolis Symphony, and Phoenix Symphony. He’s won several major international piano competitions, including the gold medal at the 2008 New Orleans International Piano Competition and top prizes at the 2007 William Kapell, the 2005 Cleveland, and the Bösendorfer Competitions. He also has a close musical partnership with the Miami String Quartet and is a recording artist with the Steinway & Sons label.

How Much of Piano Playing Is Muscle Memory?

In a recent video on piano practice, Spencer shared some insights that really stood out to me. One of the most striking things Spencer said in his video is that about 80% of piano playing is muscle memory. That may sound surprising—many concert pianists wouldn’t readily admit it. But when you think about playing an entire recital program, lasting an hour or more, it’s not realistic to expect 100% focused mental control the entire time. Unless you’re some kind of mental guru, it’s just not possible.

That’s where muscle memory comes in. Your fingers know where to go, and that’s what helps carry you through. I like to compare it to piloting a sailboat. The wind is like your muscle memory, which propels you forward. But your focus and concentration steer the boat, adjusting the sail and rudder. It’s a balance. And when you’re playing fast passages, it becomes even clearer. You can’t consciously think of every note in real time. Muscle memory fills in the gaps.

How Do You Develop That Kind of Security?

Spencer shared several techniques to help build reliable muscle memory. One of them is especially unusual but incredibly effective: practicing with inconsistent tempos. You might think inconsistent tempos are something to avoid, but as a practice technique, they’re extremely useful. The idea is to speed up and slow down randomly while playing a passage. If you can keep your place while doing that, then when something throws you off during a performance, you’ll know how to recover without falling apart.

It helps you simulate those real-life performance situations—like if your hand slips or your attention momentarily lapses. Practicing this way gets you used to instability, so you can stay grounded even under pressure.

Rhythmic Alteration: Make Your Own Etudes!

Another effective method Spencer talks about is rhythmic alteration. You can take a passage and apply dotted rhythms or other rhythmic groupings. For example, playing a pattern long-short, then reversing it. This forces your hands to work together differently and builds control and clarity. It’s especially good for fast passages where one hand might tend to rush or lag. And it turns any difficult section into an etude without needing to learn separate technical exercises. You can experiment with random rhythmic groupings to challenge your brain and fingers in new ways. The possibilities are endless, and it’s a great way to gain precision and deepen your understanding of passages.

Know Exactly Where Your Hands Play Together

Another tip Spencer gives is to identify exactly where the hands play together. This seems simple, but it’s incredibly powerful. When your technique is clean, it’s usually because your hands are synchronized. Isolating those points of contact can give you greater rhythmic security and better control.

Practice Skipping Around

Do you have pieces with repeated material that’s slightly different the second time—maybe in another key or with small changes? Spencer suggests jumping back and forth quickly between those sections to gain clarity and prevent mix-ups. He gives the example of Chopin’s Ballade in G minor, where similar material comes back in different forms. Or Mozart’s Sonata in G Major, K. 283—the end of the exposition is in D major, and the end of the recapitulation is in G major. The passages look and sound similar but aren’t identical. Practicing by skipping quickly between those two spots trains your fingers and memory to differentiate them clearly. This can be applied to almost any piece with similar structures—sonatas, ballades, even simple binary forms.

Don’t Let Your Pieces Decay: The Power of Slow Practice

One of the most important ideas Spencer shares is how to maintain a piece after it’s learned. Have you ever had a piece you once played confidently, only to find it slipping away over time? It’s like the game of telephone: small changes creep in each time you play, and eventually it’s not quite the piece you started with. The solution? Go back to the score and play it slowly and mindfully. This kind of slow practice is something every great pianist does. My teacher, Ruth Slenczynska, used to tell the story of hearing what she thought was a beginner student of Rachmaninoff while waiting outside of his home—only to find out it was Rachmaninoff himself, practicing at a snail’s pace.

I saw this same habit in my father, Morton Estrin, and in other top pianists like John Ogdon and Constance Keene. They all practiced playing very slowly. It’s not just for beginners—it’s how professionals keep pieces in peak condition.

To sum it all up, here are the strategies Spencer outlines:

Slow, mindful practice – essential for reinforcing memory and maintaining pieces over time

Inconsistent tempo practice – helps prepare for real-world performance instability

Rhythmic alteration – turns difficult passages into targeted technical studies

Identifying hand coordination – builds clean, synchronized technique

Skipping between repeated sections – sharpens memory and clarity between similar material

You can find more from Spencer through his website. And be sure to watch the original video, where he goes into even more detail. If you’re considering studying music at the college level, he teaches private lessons at Indiana University, and working with him could be an outstanding opportunity.

Thanks to Spencer for making these insights available! They’re practical, effective, and well worth trying in your own practice.

This was my father’s first recording which he made when he was in his young 30’s. I have recently revisited the 4th Ballade of Chopin which I have never performed. I plan on recording it and have listened to a number of recordings. Then I remembered my father had recorded this and after listening to this performance, it is truly inspiring.

Hi, this is Robert Estrin from Living Pianos. I had the pleasure of visiting the Grammy Museum in Los Angeles, and I wanted to share a quick glimpse with you. It’s a fascinating place that celebrates the rich history of recorded music, with exhibits showcasing legendary artists and groundbreaking innovations. As a lifelong musician and piano enthusiast, seeing how music has evolved was truly inspiring. Join me for a brief tour and experience a bit of this incredible journey through musical history!